Optimal. Leaf size=881 \[ \frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} d^{3/4}}-\frac {\sqrt {-b c+a d} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-b c+a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} d^{3/4}}+\frac {b^{3/4} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{2 \sqrt [4]{a} d \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right ) (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-c} d (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\frac {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} d (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \Pi \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c d (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \Pi \left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c d (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.57, antiderivative size = 881, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 9, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 21, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.238, Rules used = {415, 226, 418,
1231, 1721} \begin {gather*} -\frac {(b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b x^4+a}{\left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right )^2}} \Pi \left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}};2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right ) \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c d (b c+a d) \sqrt {b x^4+a}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b x^4+a}{\left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right )^2}} F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right ) \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-c} d (b c+a d) \sqrt {b x^4+a}}+\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {b x^4+a}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} d^{3/4}}-\frac {\sqrt {a d-b c} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a d-b c} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {b x^4+a}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} d^{3/4}}+\frac {b^{3/4} \left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b x^4+a}{\left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right )^2}} F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{2 \sqrt [4]{a} d \sqrt {b x^4+a}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\frac {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b x^4+a}{\left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right )^2}} F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} d (b c+a d) \sqrt {b x^4+a}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b x^4+a}{\left (\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}\right )^2}} \Pi \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}};2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c d (b c+a d) \sqrt {b x^4+a}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 226
Rule 415
Rule 418
Rule 1231
Rule 1721
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\sqrt {a+b x^4}}{c+d x^4} \, dx &=\frac {b \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{d}-\frac {(b c-a d) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx}{d}\\ &=\frac {b^{3/4} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{2 \sqrt [4]{a} d \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {(b c-a d) \int \frac {1}{\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c d}-\frac {(b c-a d) \int \frac {1}{\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c d}\\ &=\frac {b^{3/4} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{2 \sqrt [4]{a} d \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right ) (b c-a d)\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {-c} d (b c+a d)}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\frac {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) (b c-a d)\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 d (b c+a d)}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right ) (b c-a d)\right ) \int \frac {1+\frac {\sqrt {b} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c \sqrt {d} (b c+a d)}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right ) (b c-a d)\right ) \int \frac {1+\frac {\sqrt {b} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c \sqrt {d} (b c+a d)}\\ &=\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} d^{3/4}}-\frac {\sqrt {-b c+a d} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-b c+a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} d^{3/4}}+\frac {b^{3/4} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{2 \sqrt [4]{a} d \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right ) (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-c} d (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\frac {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} d (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \Pi \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c d (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 (b c-a d) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \Pi \left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c d (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 6 vs. order 4 in
optimal.
time = 10.13, size = 161, normalized size = 0.18 \begin {gather*} \frac {5 a c x \sqrt {a+b x^4} F_1\left (\frac {1}{4};-\frac {1}{2},1;\frac {5}{4};-\frac {b x^4}{a},-\frac {d x^4}{c}\right )}{\left (c+d x^4\right ) \left (5 a c F_1\left (\frac {1}{4};-\frac {1}{2},1;\frac {5}{4};-\frac {b x^4}{a},-\frac {d x^4}{c}\right )+2 x^4 \left (-2 a d F_1\left (\frac {5}{4};-\frac {1}{2},2;\frac {9}{4};-\frac {b x^4}{a},-\frac {d x^4}{c}\right )+b c F_1\left (\frac {5}{4};\frac {1}{2},1;\frac {9}{4};-\frac {b x^4}{a},-\frac {d x^4}{c}\right )\right )\right )} \end {gather*}
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
4.
time = 0.29, size = 273, normalized size = 0.31
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {b \sqrt {1-\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \sqrt {1+\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \EllipticF \left (x \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}, i\right )}{d \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}-\frac {\munderset {\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha =\RootOf \left (d \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+c \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (-a d +b c \right ) \left (-\frac {\arctanh \left (\frac {2 b \,x^{2} \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2}+2 a}{2 \sqrt {\frac {a d -b c}{d}}\, \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {a d -b c}{d}}}+\frac {2 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3} d \sqrt {1-\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \sqrt {1+\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (x \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}, \frac {i \sqrt {a}\, \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} d}{\sqrt {b}\, c}, \frac {\sqrt {-\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}}{\sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, c \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}\right )}{\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}}}{8 d^{2}}\) | \(273\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {b \sqrt {1-\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \sqrt {1+\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \EllipticF \left (x \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}, i\right )}{d \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}-\frac {\munderset {\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha =\RootOf \left (d \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+c \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (-a d +b c \right ) \left (-\frac {\arctanh \left (\frac {2 b \,x^{2} \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2}+2 a}{2 \sqrt {\frac {a d -b c}{d}}\, \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {a d -b c}{d}}}+\frac {2 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3} d \sqrt {1-\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \sqrt {1+\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (x \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}, \frac {i \sqrt {a}\, \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} d}{\sqrt {b}\, c}, \frac {\sqrt {-\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}}{\sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, c \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}\right )}{\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}}}{8 d^{2}}\) | \(273\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [F(-1)] Timed out
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Timed out} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {a + b x^{4}}}{c + d x^{4}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {b\,x^4+a}}{d\,x^4+c} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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